Upgrading GNOME on Debian

The stable version of Debian often comes with an old GNOME version due to its focus on stability. For example, GNOME Debian 12 latest update comes with GNOME 43. The newest version of GNOME, as of writing this post, is 46. The latest versions of GNOME loaded so many innovative features. Debian 12 users can't simply update to GNOME 46. Here are the steps to update to GNOME's latest version. Debian 12 is used to demonstrate the update process. I request that the process be tried in a Debian 12 installed in Virtualbox for learning purposes and later tried on the production computer. Take the data backup before the update attempt.

Two ways we can do the GNOME update. Install the Debian 12 without any desktop. While software selection, uncheck the Debian Desktop environment and GNOME to get desktopless Debian.

Start the installation directly if you are using the Debian stable version with a desktop. Anyway, start the update process from here.

Speed up updates in Linux Mint

Software repositories are computers located in various places. Indian Linux users can select servers located in India to download and install packages to keep the system new. Linux Mint allow the users to select fastest software repository and speed up the update process. This feature facilitates the packages download speedy manner. Otherwise, need to stick on with slow software repository and wait more for downloading the package updates.

Open Application Launcher > Administration > Software Sources.

The Software Sources will open up. Two sources available, one for Linux Mint and another for Ubuntu. We need to select fast sources for our computer.

 Click on Mirrors and find the fastest mirror accessible from your place.

Select the software repositories for both Linux Mint and Ubuntu. Open Terminal and apply following commands to update the system.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

How to add Debian software repository

Software repository does not add when we install Debian Linux from CD/DVD without Internet connection. You can't update the Debian Linux without software repository. But you can add software repository later. Find a repository near your area. Download from remote server take long time to download updates.

You can find Debian software repository near your area by visiting Debian Source List Generator. 

In my experience, repositories from India is slow and so I make use Debian repositories from Japan. 

Add repository address to Debian

Open Applications > Accessories > Terminal 

Open sources file and add repository address.

su

leafpad /etc/apt/sources.list

Copy paste the lines to the file. Here is the repository from Japan,

deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main
deb-src http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main

deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main

# wheezy-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main
deb-src http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main

Save and close the file. Update the sources list.

apt-get update

Update Drupal using Drush

Drush is a command line shell and scripting interface for Druapl. Updating Drupal to latest version is easy with Drush.

sudo su 
apt-get install drush

Check new Drupal updates available. Enter inside the Drupal installation place/folder and apply following commands.
cd /usr/share/drupal7
drush up -n | grep available
drush up

You can find more Drush commands from following link,
http://drush.ws/

Drupal installation
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Drupal